Sampelong in the Perspective of Organology

Abstract

Sampelong, a traditional wind instrument originating from Nagari Tolang Maua, West Sumatra, is more than just a sound-producing tool it is a cultural footprint rich in meaning. This study examines the Sampelong through an organological approach, encompassing both textual and contextual aspects: from its physical structure, classification, and crafting process, to its tuning system and socio-cultural functions within Minangkabau society. A qualitative descriptive method was employed, using techniques such as observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results show that Sampelong belongs to the aerophone category, specifically the wind instrument type, and is made from tolang bamboo. It utilizes a unique pentatonic scale known locally as jalua bukik, which reflects the region's musical identity. Once used in mystical rituals known as pakasiah, the instrument has since evolved into a form of musikal performance. Behind its simplicity lies a depth of cultural significance each breath through its bamboo body brings forth melodies of life, toil, love, and local wisdom. This research serves as both documentation and a preservation effort for a cultural heritage at risk of fading, while also inviting the younger generation to rediscover the harmony of a bamboo that sings.